Nitrate removal media refers to substances or materials used in water treatment systems to reduce the concentration of nitrate ions in drinking water. Nitrate is a common contaminant in groundwater, often originating from agricultural runoff, septic systems, and industrial waste. While low levels of nitrate are generally not harmful, high concentrations can pose health risks, particularly to infants and pregnant women, as excessive nitrate consumption can lead to methemoglobinemia, also known as "blue baby syndrome."